Tip for spraying nozzles



April 8, 1930. J. D. MURRAY 1,753,443

' TIP FOR 'S'PRAYING NOZIZLES' Filed May 31. 1927 JNVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Apr. g, 39%

Units srass ime PATEN'E TI? FOR SPRAYING NOZZLES Application filed May 31, 1927. Serial No. 195,281.

This invention relates to improvements in tips for nozzles such as employed to discharge and apply liquids under pressure, as for example in the art of discharging andapplying paints, varnishes, lacquers, oils, germi cidal liquids and the like, under the commonly called .air brush painting or spray gun painting methods.

An object of my invention is to provide a nozzle tip which will discharge liquids under pressure in a fan-shaped flat, film-like sheet without waste of the liquid and without the danger'and annoyance to operators such as usually caused bythe present day tips, due

to their scattering a great part of the sprayed material into the atmosphere as an atomized va or.

further object is to provide a nozzle tip which is adaptable to the discharging of 2c liquids under pressure in the manner technically called flowin and also in the manner called atomizing a further object also being to provide a nozzle tip which is inexpensive to manufacture and which may be easily made adaptable to use with any nozzle for discharging liquids under pressure from any suitable pressure source.

A further object of this invention is to provide a nozzle tip of the character described which will cause the liquid to be evenly distributed throughout the entire area of the fan-like sheet discharged from the tip, thereby providing for a smooth and even application, and preventing waste of the liquid.

With the above mentioned and other objects in view, the invention consists of the novel construction hereinafter described illustrated in the accompanying drawing, and set forth in the claims hereto appended, it-

40 being understood that various changes in form, proportion, size and minor details of construction within the scope of the claims may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages 46 of the invention.

Referring to the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a cross section on the center line of the tip as it appears attached to a liquid pressure line, when the transverse slot of the 50 tip is horizontally disposed.

small annular shoulder 3, the, opposite faces Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same position ofthe tip, as shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view.

Fig. 4 is a cross section on line 4-4 of Fig. 3, showing one angle at which the ends of the slot may be stopped.

F ig. 5 is a cross section on the'line 44 of Fig. 3, showing a modification of the angle at which the ends of the slot may be stopped.

Figs. 6 and 7 are longitudinal sections of modified forms.

More fully described in conjunction with the drawing, the tip in the onev forin of my invention, may be said to consist of a domelike structure generally designated 1, which is provided with a transverse slot or orifice 2, said slot passing through the apex and extending down the sides of the dome to the of said slot being parallel; said annular shoulder 3 serving to prevent backlash. A. second annular shoulder 4 is provided adjacent the open end of the tip, which end is opposite the dome 1, this second shoulder 4 being adapted to engage the inwardly extending flange 5 of a collar generally designated 6, which collar is equipped with threads 7 adapted to engage similar threads on a feed pipe 8. Pipe 8 leads from a source of liquid, not shown, said liquid being under pressure when the tip is being used to discharge liquids. An annular recess 9 is cut in the end of the pipe 8 and receives the inner end 10 of the tip. This structure provides a leak proof seat and a smooth joint, I so that the inside bore of the tip is substantially a continuation of the bore of the pipe 8.

The dome isfso constructed that the thickness thereof where the orifice 2 passes through it, is greatest at the apex l1 and 90 tapers away in equal de rees of adation in each direction towar s the en s of the orifice. Mypreferred form of dome has both the outer 'Wall and the inner wall conforming to the surface of a sphere of the same diameter, so that said outer and inner walls of the dome are of the same degree of curvature thus the transverseslot is formed with identical opposing kerf-walls having defining edges in register in the same plane, andd having the inner and outward edges respectively defined by lines of the same degree of curvature struck from spaced points on the sameaxial line in direction of flow through the kerf, said curves being preferably arcs of circles, as'best shown in Figs. 4c and 5. Where the ends of the ker-f are referred to, they are called end walls to distinguish from the walls or resistance-producing faces of the kerf. The oppositely disposed ends of the slot 2 are stopped as at 12 at an angle less than ninety degrees to the longitudinal axis of the tip, said angle being in the direction of the line of liquid flow, Fig. 4. The opposing ends of the slot may each be stopped on curved lines 13 which occupy about the same relation with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tip as the angles 12 bear to its slot, (Figure 4).

Fig. 6 shows a section of a dome, the inner and outer surfaces of which are formed by curves that are not arcs of circles. Since it is possible to form a dome from various types of curves, I do not wish to confine myself to any set series of curves. It is further manifest that equivalent constructions may be used in place of a transversely slotted dome, such for instance as a transversely slotted conical structure such as shown in Fig. 7.

In operation, the liquid material to be discharged under pressure is conducted to the tip by the conduit or pipe 8, thence passing into the chamber 14 of the tip, and is discharged through the orifice 2 of the dome 1. Due to the centrifugal action of the liquid under compression and to the tendency of the liquid to follow the line of least resistance, the parallell disposed faces of the slot 2 are purposely ma e of greater thickness at the apex 11 than at their ends. The tapering of the width of the faces or walls of the slot 2 from the point 11 to the shoulders 3, raduates the resistance to the flow of materi so that at all points on the surface, of the faces of the slot the resistance created to the flow of material is substantially equal. It is obvious from the shape of the transverse slot that the discharge of the liquid will be in a fiat film form. To provide this fan-shaped form and to prevent the liquid discharging at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the tip, at the shoulders 3, the ends of the slot in the tip are terminated angularly as hereinbefore described, and as shown in the drawing at 12 and 13. By thisarrangement the liquid is evenly distributed throughout the entire area of the fan-like jet. Shoulders 3 serve to prevent backlash of the liquid being discharged.

In the use of m invention, the width of the fan-shaped jet isetermined by the amount of the pressure used to discharge the liquid; the greater the pressure, the wider the spread of the fan-shaped jet. The adaptation of the tip to either flowing or atomizing is regulated by the manner of application of the pressure. In

flowing the pressure is placed behind the material only, whereas in atomization an auxiliary pressure is injected into the liquid to break it up into small particles prior to its passage through the orifice of discharge.

I have provided in the construction of my invention a tip for nozzles adapted to the flowing of liquid materials without atomization, or to the discharge of atomized liquid materials if desired, and which will apply the liquids to the surfaces to be covered in either a broad or narrow et, may be attached to various types of spraying nozzles, and having a universality of use, such as in paint spraying, orchard spraying, oil burning, or, in fact, any use where a fluid stream under pressure is desired to be discharged in flat film form.

I wish it to be understood that any nozzle tip which provides for discharging liquid under pressure from a discharge orifice which is formed to create greater resistance to the discharge of liquid therethrough at a point between the ends hf the orifice, but diminishes the resistance to the discharge of the liquid in equal degrees in each direction from said point to the ends of said orifice, regardless of shape, size and formation thereof, comes under the scope and spirit of my invention as de-- fined in the accompanying claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A tip for discharging fluids under pressure formed in the shape of a dome provided with a discharge slot, the walls of said slot having defining edges in register and being of maximum width at the center and diminishing in width in the same degree of gradation in each direction therefrom, said slot terminating in end walls that form an angle of less than ninety degrees with the longitudinal ans of the tip, in. the direction of the flow of liquid.

2. A tip for discharging liquids under pressure formed inthe shape of a dome provided with a transverse discharge slot, the transverse walls of said slot being of maximum width at the center and diminishing in width in the same degree of gradation in each direction therefrom, said slot terminating in curved end walls having curvature of less than ninety degrees angle with the longitudinal axis of the tip, in the direction of the flow of liquid, the surfaces of said transverse walls bein characterized by identity of definition.

3. cans for equalizing the resistance to the flow of fluid material from a nozzle and for causing the material to be discharged in a flat film form of fan contour, comprising a tip structure having a kerfwhose walls are in relative parallelism and formed with surfaces which are graduated in width equally in each too direction from a portion of maximum width,

and being of the same width at oppositely disposed portions thereon.

4. Means for equalizing the resistance to the flow of liquid material froma nozzle and for causing ,the material to be discharged in a' flat film form of fan contour, comprising a dome-shaped tip structurehaving an axial kerf whose walls are in relative, parallelism and formed with surfaces which are graduat-- ed in width and arranged with portions of the flow of liqui and-for causing the material to be discharged maximum width at the immediate longitudinal axis of the structure.

5; Means for e ualizing' the resistance to material from a nozzle 6. Means for equalizing the resistance to the flow of liquid material from a nozzle and 'for causing the material to-be discharged in flat film form of-fan'contour, comprising a dome-shaped tip structure having an axial kerf whose walls are in relative parallelism and formed with surfaces which are adu ated in width and arranged with portions of maximum width at the'immediate longitudinal axis of the structurea'nd with portions I of diminishing width respectively extending wardly. tip having a body portion,- a i in .opposite *directions from the portionsof maximumlwidths, the ends of the kerf formed radii from spaced gpints on the axial line of the kerf taken in 'rection of 'flow through the kerf. 1 11. .A nozzle ti opposing walls of said kerf bei character- '1 having a body portion, a kerf through sai body portion, each of the ized by identity of definition and ormed with wall surface graduated in width equally in each direction from a portion of the maximum width, the ends of said kerf being formed with end walls which extend for; wardly and outwardly.

112, A tip for discharging fluids under pressure, which tip is provided with a discharge orifice having oppositely disposed walls, means to create maximum resistance to the discharge of fluids through said orifice at a portion ,t-hereof between the ends of the orifice, and means to diminish the resistance to the discharge of the fluid in equal degrees in each direction from said portion of maximum resistance to-the 'ends of said orifice, the

opposed surfaces of said pppositely disposed. walls of the discharge orifice being characterized by identity. a

. I JOHN D. MURRAY.

of end walls extending forwardly and outkerf through saidbody portion, said kerf having opposing walls in relative parallel ism, the respective inner and outeredges of p each of said walls being defined by'the same degree of. curvature.

\ 8. A dome shaped nozzle tip i having a kerfed body 'port1on,'said -kerf having opposing walls with defining edges in register, the respective outer and inner edges ofeach .of said walls being defined by the same degree of curvature.

5). A, nozzle tip comprising a dome-shaped,

- body portion, the respective inner and outer inner edges of each of said wallsbein by segments 'of a circle equal z tion, said kerf having opposing surfaces of' said dome being formedwith its equalldegrees of curvature,- a kerf-v said dome connecting the inner and outer surfaces thereof, each of the o posing walls of said kerf. having a portion 0 maximum width intermediate the ends thereof and-being de-' creased -in width in each direction equally from said portion of maximum width tothe respective ends of the kerf.

10; -A nozzle tip having a kerfed body porative parallelism, the respective outer and defined walls n rel- 

